Bucket for turbines.



110112395. PATENTED FEB.13,1906.

H. KELLER.

BUCKET FOR TURBINES. APPLIb IIIIIIIIIII 0v. 111111 4.

WH'nesses=* which may be steam, air, or gas, passes tion as ap" lied to turbines having a single 'row of hue ets, and Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a turbine element'having a doublefrow of 'near the entrance is below that outside of the UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HULDREIOH KELLER, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEI/V YORK.

BUC-KET FOR TURBINES.

No. 812,795. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 13, 1906.

Application filed November 16,1904. Serial No. 232,950.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HULDREICH KELLER, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Buckets for Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to the construction of buckets for elastic-fluid turbines, and has for its objectto overcome certain objections which have heretofore existed and also to increase the efiiciency of the turbine by improving the action of the buckets contained therein.

In the accompanying drawings, which are attached to and made a part of this application, Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views showing the former bucket construction and illustrating the passage of motive fluid through the pockets or passages. Figs. 3 and 4 represent embodiments of my invenbuckets made in accordance withithe invention.

Referring to Fig. -1, 1 represents a bucketwheel or stationary element having buckets 2 and U-shaped pockets 3 between the buckets. Fluid is discharged into the pockets by a nozzle or other device 4. The motive fluid,

through the nozzle and enters the pocket 3. The width of the fluid stream issuing from the nozzle indicated by 5 6., while the width of the pocket at this pointis indicated by 7 8, the latter being much greater than the former. It is .tobe noted that the passage is of uniform width from end to end. In passing through the pocket the steam or other fluid hugs the walls thereof and expands slightly toward the discharge end. .If the path 7 8 is relatively large, the 'et of steam entering the pocket with great velocity creates in its vicinity a considerable relative vacuum. In other words, the pressure of the jetin thepocket.

wheel. The pressure in the balance of the pocket is also below that of the entering jet, The tendency to the creation of a vacuum is less at the entrance .than at more distant points. As the distance from the point of admission increases a fall in pressure takes This fall in pressure hasbeen found to bear a definite relation to the character of the pocket and .becomes greater the more. nearly the form of the pocket approaches that of a closed space. Inother words, the smaller the opening 9 the greater will be the relative vacuum created. The fall of pressure may, as shown by experiment, be so great that the fluid stream passing out of the pocket is turned away from the wall 10 toward the middle of the bucket, as shown in Fig. 2. Ob-

and gradually increases in width toward the exhaust or dischar e side. I

In Fig. 4 the wal 1 1 is cut on a slant to further decrease the tendency of the fluid stream to create a relative vacuum and cause the stream to turn on itself. Other things being equal the narrower the wall is at the point of admission the less will be the resistance offered to the entering fluid.

In Fig. 5 is shown a construction suitable for double buckets receiving motive fluid from the same or different nozzles. In this case the walls 11 of opposite buckets meet in a relatively sharp point at the inlet end and gradually increase in width toward the discharge end.

It will be seen that inFigs. 3 to 5, inclusive, the width of the pocket at the inlet end is little or nothing and gradually increases in width by an amount conditioned on the width of the stream. By reason of this the stream freely enters the pockets, and the tendency for it to turn on itself and create eddies, &c. is'avoided. It is also to be noted place according to the position of the nozzle. l

y with the apparatus which I now consider to represent t chest embodiment thereof; but

by Letters Patentof the United States, is-

1, An element for an elastic-fluid turbine containing a plurality of buckets and .passages, eachpassage being substantially U- shaped in form and narrow at the inlet end with res ect to the fluid stream, and-Wider at the disc arge end than the fluid stream;

2.- In a turbine, the combination of a nozzle, a bucket-carrying element arranged to receive fluid from the nozzle, the width of the wall on the inlet side of each'bucket being less than on the discharge side, and pockets between the buckets which are substantially U-shaped in form and increase in width toward the discharge end;

3. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of fluid-discharging means, an element situated in front of the said means which is provided with a double row of buckets and substantially U-sha ed passages between the buckets, the walls orming said passages increasing in width from the inlet to the exhaust. In Witness whereofI have hereunto set my hand this 18th day of October, 1904.

HULDREICH KELLER. Witnesses: I

HEnR'Y HAsPER,

WOLDEMAR HAUPT. 

